“And you have forgotten the exhortation which speaks to you as to sons: ‘My son, do not despise the chastening of the Lord, Nor be discouraged when you are rebuked by Him; For whom the Lord loves He chastens, And scourges every son whom He receives.’ If you endure chastening, God deals with you as with sons; for what son is there whom a father does not chasten? But if you are without chastening, of which all have become partakers, then you are illegitimate and not sons” (Hebrews 12:5-8, NKJV).
The Discipline of the Lord is in Our Best Interests
The biblical quote (vv. 5-6) is from Proverbs 3:11-12 (cf. Rev. 3:19) to illustrate the point. God’s chastening or discipline is a proof of sonship. If he didn’t love us, he wouldn’t be concerned about corrective disciplining and our maturation. It’s not that he necessarily creates difficulties in life, but he apparently allows negative things to happen and uses them for good, even for educational, curative, restorative, and character-building purposes.
“Furthermore, we have had human fathers who corrected us, and we paid them respect. Shall we not much more readily be in subjection to the Father of spirits and live? For they indeed for a few days chastened us as seemed best to them, but He for our profit, that we may be partakers of His holiness. Now no chastening seems to be joyful for the present, but painful; nevertheless, afterward it yields the peaceable fruit of righteousness to those who have been trained by it” (Hebrews 12:9-11).
Like an earthly father who gains respect through proper disciplining, our heavenly Father’s discipline ought to generate respect and submission. As “the Father of spirits” (cf. Gen. 1:26-27; 2:7; Zech. 12:1; Eccl. 12:7), he is particularly concerned with our spiritual development and wellbeing. Disciplinary measures may seem unpleasant at the time, but the end result is beneficial for all who are cultivated thereby.
Assist One Another as God’s People
“Therefore strengthen the hands which hang down, and the feeble knees, and make straight paths for your feet, so that what is lame may not be dislocated, but rather be healed. Pursue peace with all people, and holiness, without which no one will see the Lord: looking carefully lest anyone fall short of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up cause trouble, and by this many become defiled ...” (Hebrews 12:12-14).
“Therefore,” in light of the prospective benefits of God’s discipline, let us show concern for each struggling soul as we “strengthen the weary hands and paralyzed knees” (v. 12b; cf. Isa. 35:3), metaphors for those discouraged and in despair. Such a caring spirit compliments what Jesus is doing as our perfect example of faithfulness in overcoming discouragement.
“Make straight paths for your feet” (v. 13a; cf. Prov. 4:26a LXX), i.e., live honestly and morally and avoid extremes. As we travel life’s difficult journey, we don’t want to veer too far to the left or too far to the right but remain on the straight and narrow path that God illuminates by his word. Our concern is not merely for ourselves. We live faithfully “so that the lame may not be displaced, but healed” (v. 13b). The spiritually strong are to confidently march forward in faith and help bear the weaknesses and burdens of the spiritually weak (cf. Rom 15:1; Gal. 6:1-2).
In addition to caring for each individual soul, we are to show concern for the church collectively (v. 14). As we pursue peace “with all,” contextually the focus here is not necessarily all people universally (incl. non-Christians) but all who are among the addressees, particularly the local Christian community.
The pursuit of peace avoids petty disputes and factions (cf. Matt. 5:9; Rom. 12:18; 14:19). Holiness or sanctification [tón hagiasmón] refers to practical holiness; moral uprightness (cf. 2:11; 10:10, 14, 29; 1 Thess. 4:7). The verb “pursue” indicates that peace and holiness do not come naturally or easily or accidentally but require concerted effort. The exhortation must be taken seriously, because without these things “no one will see the Lord”!
This is also important (12:15-17) so that no one falls short of God’s grace (v. 15a). We ought to make every effort to help keep weak and struggling brethren from falling away (cf. 2 Cor. 6:1; Gal. 5:4), and that no root of bitterness spring up, cause trouble, and defile many (v. 15b; cf. Deut. 29:18): “indifference begets indifference and apostasy begets apostasy” (N. Lightfoot, Jesus Christ Today 235).
Maintain Moral Purity and Holiness
“... lest there be any fornicator or profane person like Esau, who for one morsel of food sold his birthright. For you know that afterward, when he wanted to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no place for repentance, though he sought it diligently with tears” (Hebrews 12:15-17).
Another warning concerns the fornicator or immoral person (v. 16a), as immorality was presumably a problem for at least some of these Christians (cf. 13:4; 1 Cor. 5:1; 6:9-20). There is no explicit reference in scripture to Esau’s sexual immorality, other than his polygamous marriage to Hittite women (Gen. 26:34-35). But the text here employs the conjunction “or” to distinguish between a “fornicator,” on one hand, and a “profane” or “unholy” person like Esau, on the other. There is no place in the Lord’s church for a profane or irreligious or godless [bébēlos] person like Esau (v. 16b). Esau (cf. 11:20) was not spiritually-minded and he focused on temporal things rather than future, heavenly, spiritual things. Esau sold his birthright for a single meal (v. 16c; cf. Gen. 25:29-34), and though he later changed his mind, he could not change the predicament he created by his short-sighted impulsiveness (v. 17).
Repentance basically means “to turn” or “to change” and is typically used to describe a change of mind that leads to a change of will and action (cf. Acts 3:19; 26:20). Esau obviously had a change of heart, but it was too late; he could not turn back the clock or change his past actions or his current circumstances. The practical application is simple: don’t be like Esau and disregard the spiritual blessings in Christ, lest you fall away and forfeit them forever (cf. 6:4-8; 10:26-31).
--Kevin L. Moore
Related Posts: Heb 12:1-4
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